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| Cat. Number | B6918-100 |
| Chemical Name | Brevetoxin 3 |
| CAS Number | 85079-48-7 |
| Mol. Formula | C50H72O14 |
| Mol. Weight | 897.20 |
| Qty 1 |
100 µg |
| Appearance | White Film |
| Application Notes | ≥95% |
| Synonym | PbTx-3 |
| Solubility | Soluble in acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol. |
| Storage condition | -20°C |
| References | DescriptionBrevetoxins are lipid-soluble polyether neurotoxins initially produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. Brevetoxins act as agonists, binding the neurotoxin site 5 on SCN4A/Nav1.4 and SCN5A/Nav1.5 voltage-gated Na+ channels in skeletal muscle and cardiac tissue, producing a channel opening effect; this activity results in bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation in vivo. Stimulation of the voltage-gated Na+ channels also induces NMDA receptor-mediated release of L-glutamate and L-aspartate in neurons. Brevetoxin 3 is a type B brevetoxin and a metabolite of brevetoxin 2. ReferencesZaias J, Fleming LE, Baden DG, et al. Repeated exposure to aerosolized brevetoxin-3 induces prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation in sheep. Inhal Toxicol. 2011 Mar;23(4):205-11. PMID: 21456953. Liberona JL, Cárdenas JC, Reyes R, et al. Sodium-dependent action potentials induced by brevetoxin-3 trigger both IP3 increase and intracellular Ca2+ release in rat skeletal myotubes. Cell Calcium. 2008 Sep;44(3):289-97. PMID: 18276006. Cao Z, George J, Baden DG, et al. Brevetoxin-induced phosphorylation of Pyk2 and Src in murine neocortical neurons involves distinct signaling pathways. Brain Res. 2007 Dec 12;1184:17-27. PMID: 17963734. Radwan FF, Ramsdell JS. Characterization of in vitro oxidative and conjugative metabolic pathways for brevetoxin (PbTx-2). Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jan;89(1):57-65. PMID: 16221966. Colman JR, Ramsdell JS. The type B brevetoxin (PbTx-3) adversely affects development, cardiovascular function, and survival in Medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos. Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Dec;111(16):1920-5. PMID: 14644667. Bottein Dechraoui MY, Ramsdell JS. Type B brevetoxins show tissue selectivity for voltage-gated sodium channels: comparison of brain, skeletal muscle and cardiac sodium channels. Toxicon. 2003 Jun;41(7):919-27. PMID: 12782093. Berman FW, Murray TF. Brevetoxins cause acute excitotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jul;290(1):439-44. PMID: 10381810. Jeglitsch G, Rein K, Baden DG, et al. Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) and its derivatives modulate single tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channels in rat sensory neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Feb;284(2):516-25. PMID: 9454792. |
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